ABY WARBURG
BY GÜLAY YAŞAYANLAR
Aby Warburg, Bilderatlas Mnemosyne – The Original, 2020 (installation view). Photo: Silke Briel. (Haus der Kulturen der Welt, Berlin) Exhibition: Aby Warburg: Bilderatlas Mnemosyne – The Original, 4 September – 1 November 2020, Haus der Kulturen der Welt, Berlin.
Bilderatlas Mnemosyne has an anti aura created by copied and reproduced images, mostly in grey tones. The juxtaposed images naturally form faded clusters. It is like a labyrinth with no exit, shaped in contrasts and followed by a quick eye scan. Therefore, it is necessary to correctly understand the relational plane formed by the leaning of images against each other, the cultural weight and the strange thinking experience experienced here. As a matter of fact, Aby Warburg’s act of moving things out of their accustomed places and into a new context-space by staying in an impossible temporal circulation accompanied by a blurred memory is important in terms of turning into an action that takes on a schizoid character. Here, the new locations of the reproduced ghost images on the black panel assemblies determined on psychosomatic grounds point not only to the variable existence of images, but also to the controversial results of the negotiations carried out by a critical language.
In Bilderatlas Mnemosyne, where the history of culture becomes a field of science and artistic expression, the images compiled and brought together from different times are actually at the centre of the cultural flow revealed by an associative unconscious on a horizontal axis. Moreover, in this sequence, it is possible to speak of a clear anachronism rather than a historical development of images. Therefore, it is inevitable that some images, which are used in an exaggeratedly diversified manner, create a speculative perception of history. And each ghost image production, by entering into a relationship with the other, spreads the renewed thoughts over the entire surface of the panels, as if writing a story. Therefore, in Bilderatlas Mnemosyne, it is possible to see the clear traces of an increasingly emotionalised selective mind and an effort to construct memory in every image pile concentrated in the details of thematic titles.
Sequence of the panels in the exhibition, Aby Warburg: Mnemosyne, ZKM | Karlsruhe, 2016 / © Forschungsgruppe Mnemosyne & 8. Salon (https://artmap.com/zkm/exhibition/aby-warburg-2016)
Aby Warburg, Mnemosyne Atlas, 1929 (last version), Panel 48 (reconstruction by Roberto Ohrt and Axel Heil, 2020). Photo: Tobias Wootton. (Warburg Institute/Fluid, London)
the art of producing ghost images
Bilderatlas Mnemosyne is an ironic and critical project of modern times, as relevant for art history as it is for cultural history. The discussions on the ghost atlas, carried to the present day with attempts to revive the panel assemblages, capture different human expression patterns through stories of obsessive cultural memory and question their relationality with deviations in the order of the image. In this process, the unconscious orientation towards deviation reveals the extraordinary reality of the imagination that effectively gave birth to Warburg’s art of producing ghost images. It is therefore normal for Warburg’s approach to appear in the surreal structure of the atlas format, in the blurred space of a repressed past, of things not yet and still unformed or manifested. The atlas format is, in fact, a convenient model of artistic expression for revealing the imagery substituted in the psycho-geography of the mind by means of a set of symbols and images, and for making visible the confusing thesis of the relationship between civilisations. In this respect, Bilderatlas Mnemosyne is an order of representation shaped by the remembering memory, which deals with cultural ruptures or time jumps observed in different disciplines, and precedes traumatic conflicts through images and symbols expressing intense emotions, and reveals them in the grey area formed. In addition to being Warburg’s repressed dark cave, it is a contradictory map and a great queer collage where all kinds of hedonistic constructions are expressed, activating thought algorithms that have not yet been disclosed. It is an anti aura interrogation that moves from the iconic and glorified work of art to the critical and contemporary change dynamics of hybrid forms.
In other words, the representational images exhibited in the Bilderatlas Mnemosyne phantasmagoria, the uncanny space of a fictional experience, are forced into inter-temporal psychic migrations to such an extent as to arouse desire, and are transformed into ghosts stripped of their colours, becoming new art objects of early modernist sensibility. However, when looking at such an alienated apparatus, it is possible to see the original, experimental, sincere and irrational qualities of the sense of ordinariness created by rapidly grasped nomadic images, a logic of sensation that is dialectically constructed but fed by a disrupted flow. Moreover, against the harmonious and aesthetic disciplinary logic of art history, a different understanding of culture and art history has emerged, shaped by the transitivity of the conceptual pair of art-science, in which a magical inter-image solidarity is intrinsically woven. Here, provocative images, which are transformed into counter-images, shake the existing imagination, highlight an invisible system of relations, and even bring it closer to the practice of art. What Agamben refers to as Science Without a Name is precisely at this point a commentary on the mysterious and unnamed side of culture and art consciousness, which is exhibited here in a new and fragile way. (1) This anonymous or collective psychic plane, which Warburg traces, harbouring intertwined and assembled images of passion and anticipating the future, is fuelled by the power of an imagination characterised by purely aesthetic deviations. And this heterogeneous situation is also the manifestation of a subjective sensibility that structures an antithesis by fusing symbols with each other.
notlar
1 Giorgio Agamben, “Aby Warburg and the Nameless Science”, Potentialities, English Translation: Daniel Heller Roasen, Stanford University Press, Standford 89-166.
warburg melancholia
In Aby Warburg, the understanding of science and art, which appears to be sloppy but determines a cultural ideology by gaining profound form and meaning, has created an allegorical universe of meaning that brings together the archaic, classical and modern in a cognitive consensus model and qualifies them in the company of collective imagination. Therefore, in Bilderatlas Mnemosyne, which makes this visible, Warburg has created a new psychoanalytic cosmology of meaning that becomes clear in the aura of things by realising the assembly of image and linguistic analysis in a memory network. Especially the still and faded images on the panels transform this conceptual quality into a magical dimension that undergoes metamorphosis: Images suddenly lose their representational value and become fluid and permeable forms of subjective passions. Here, in fact, a totality of effects, which we can also call Warburg Melancholia, comes into play. The dialectical schemes created by the displacement experiments regarding alternative views that exist on Atlas’s route and develop on the intermediate roads are actually questioned within this framework. Thus, the visual codes of the variable and continuous (ghostly) forms of the spirit of antiquity, which feeds a different cultural ideology and/or is laden with internal contradictions, and which includes the classical period as well as the modern, are discovered.
As a result, the reproduced photographic images acquire a philosophical content and constitute the visual field of an intellectual expression. In fact, the photographs used by Warburg have already become progressive images of early modernism. On the threshold of artistic creativity, these ghostly images, stripped of colour, clearly nourish the spirit of systematic conflict between image and time in Bilderatlas Mnemosyne and complement a unique, restless and contradictory aesthetic. ♦
Gülay Yaşayanlar Copyright © 2025, All Rights Reserved
TOPICS
prof. gülay yaşayanlar Artist, art writer and curator. She has numerous publications on current issues, theoretical debates and prominent artist attitudes in the field of plastic arts. She lives and works in Izmir and London.
BILDERATLAS MNEMOSYNE (1925 – 1929)
Aby Warburg, Bilderatlas Mnemosyne – The Original, 2020 (installation view). Photo: Silke Briel. (Haus der Kulturen der Welt, Berlin) Exhibition: Aby Warburg: Bilderatlas Mnemosyne – The Original, 4 September – 1 November 2020, Haus der Kulturen der Welt, Berlin.
Bkz. Aby Warburg, Bilderreihen ve Ausstellungen. Gesammelte Schriften-Studienausgabe, Cilt II.2, Editörler: Uwe Fleckner ve Isabella Woldt, eds. Akademie Verlag, 471 pages, Almanca, 2012.
PREPARED BY GÜLAY YAŞAYANLAR & MÜMTAZ SAĞLAM
ON ABY WARBURG VE BILDERATLAS MNEMOSYNE
EXHIBITION & CATALOGUE
LIGHTENING SYMBOL AND SNAKE DANCE / 2022-23
Lightning Symbol and Snake Dance / Aby Warburg and Pueblo Art, Exhibition Poster (detail), Tasarım: Rocket & Wing
Blitzsymbol und Schlangentanz: Aby Warburg und die Pueblo-Kunst (Kulturgeschichte) Authors: Christine Chaves and Uwe Fleckner, Hatje Cantz Verlag, 400 pages, English, hardcover, March 2022.
Exhibition, Curators: Uwe Fleckner and Christine Chaves, 4 March 2022 – 8 Ocak 2023, MARKK / Museum am Rothenbaum Kulturen und Künste der Welt Rothenbaumchaussee 64 20148 Hamburg.
The Aby Warburg Collection is comprehensively presented with the Lightning Symbol and Snake Dance. In his famous 1923 lecture on the Snake Ritual, Warburg described in detail his 1895/96 journey through the American Southwest and his encounters with Pueblo societies there. The exhibition analyses the cultural significance of this travel and observation and critically examines the artistic position of Pueblo societies.
BOOK PUBLICATIONS
E.H. Gombrich, Aby Warburg: An Entellectual Biography / Phaidon Press Ltd. 456 pages, English, Hardback, August 1997.
Uwe Fleckner, Der Blitz und die Schlange: Aby Warburgs Amerikanische Reise (Kulturgeschichte), Hatje Cantz Verlag, 150 pages, English, Hardback, November 2023.
Hans C. Hönes, Tanged Paths: A life of Aby Warburg, Reaktion Books, 288 pages, English, Hardcover, May 2024.
Aby Warburg 150, Work, Legacy, Promise Edited by: David Freedberg and Claudia Wedepohl, 464 pages, De Gruyter Publishing, English, 1st Edition, April 2024.
Blitzsymbol und Schlangentanz: Aby Warburg und die Pueblo-Kunst (Kulturgeschichte) Authors: Christine Chaves and Uwe Fleckner, Hatje Cantz Verlag, 400 pages, English, hardcover, March 2022.
Lara Bonneau, Lire l’œuvre d’Aby Warburg à la lumière de ses Fragments sur l’expression, 264 pages, French Edition, softcover, Şubat 2022.
Aby Warburg Miroirs de faille – À Rome avec Giordano Bruno et Édouard Manet, 1928-29, Edited: Maurizio Ghelardi, L’écarquille Published, French Edition, softcover, 224 pages, June 2011.
Aby Warburg: Essay Florentins, Edited: Eveline Pinto and Sibylle Muller, Hazan Published, French Edition, softcover, 368 pages, April 2015.
Aby Warburg: Bilderatlas Mnemosyne / Das Original, Edited by Haus der Kulturen der Welt and The Warburg Institute; Roberto Ohrt, Axel Heil, Publisher: Bundeskunnsthalle Bonn, Hardcover 2020.
Christopher D. Johnson, Memory, Metaphor, and Aby Warburg’s Atlas of Images, Ithaca: Cornell University Library and Cornell University Press, 2012.
Aby Warburg, Atlas Mnemosyne, Translator: Joaquin Chamore Mielke, Akal Ediciones SA, 192 pages, Spanish, Hardcover, Marc 2010.
Aby Warburg: Bilderatlas Mnemosyne / The Original, Edited by Haus der Kulturen der Welt and The Warburg Institute; Roberto Ohrt, Axel Heil, Publisher: Hatje Cantz, 184 pg. English, Hardcover 2020.
Gerhard Richter: Atlas, Editor: Helmut Friedel, Verlag der Buchhandlung Walther König/D.A.P., Second edition, Following the first of 1997. 862 pages. 2011. Köln/New York.
Atlas: How to Carry the World on One’s Back?, Editor: Georges Didi Huberman, 421 pages, English, 2011.
Aby Warburg: Mnemosyne Bilderatlas ZKM 2016, Editor: Georges Didi Huberman, Kartoffelverlag, Universal-futur-Bitch Press, 2016
ABY WARBURG
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