Gerhard Richter, Man Shot Down 1, (Detail) 1988, Huile sur toile / Oil on canvas, 100x 140 cm. Catalogue Raisonné:669-1 Illustrated. © 2025 Gerhard Richter 

 

gerhard richter

a collective bending and formal excess

GÜLAY YAŞAYANLAR

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GERHARD RICHTER CONTINUOUSLY GENERATES NEW VISUAL SCENARIOS THAT INTERSECT IN THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THE DESIRE FOR PRODUCTION AND THE POWER AND SEQUENCE OF IMAGES, OR THAT SEEP FROM THE PERSONAL AND POLITICAL. IN THIS IMAGINARY REALM, WHICH INITIALLY MOVES BY ATTACHING ITSELF TO AN INTERNAL MESSAGE, IT IS POSSIBLE TO WITNESS IMPLICIT MEANINGS THAT BECOME ORDINARY OVER TIME, AND THE CONSEQUENCES DESTROYED BY INTENSIFICATIONS EXPERIENCED AT THE THRESHOLD OR BY AN INTUITIVE THINKING PRACTICE. THIS APPROACH IS ENTIRELY BASED ON THE STRONG MICRO-POLITICAL CONNECTIONS THAT RICHTER ESTABLISHES BETWEEN LIFE AND REALITY.R

Gerhard Richter, Klorolle/Toilet Paper, 1965, Oil on canvas, 55 cm x 40 cm. Catalogue Raisonné: 75-1. This artwork is based on an image included in Atlas. https://www.gerhard-richter.com/en/art/paintings/photo-paintings/household-icons-39/toilet-paper-5560

Gerhard Richter

Gerhard Richter, Tote/Dead, 1988, 62 cm x 67 cm Catalogue Raisonné: 667-1, Oil on canvas. The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York. 2– Gerhard Richte, Tote/Dead,1988, 62 cm x 62 cm Catalogue Raisonné: 667-2, Oil on canvas, The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York, USA. 3– Gerhard Richte, Tote / Dead, 1988, 35 cm x 40 cm. Catalogue Raisonné: 667-3, Oil on canvas.The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York.

The affective power of Gerhard Richter’s paintings, which bear traces from the past and animate the present he experiences, is remarkably high. With an encompassing aura and grounded in historical data, these paintings constitute a positioning game that aesthetically interrogates a representation shaped by perceptual debates. This enigmatic world, particularly containing the eschatological reflections of the reciprocal relationship between photography and painting, permeates all spirits with its hazy atmosphere. From the initial phase, the artist treats the conscious experimentality of manipulating photographic images as a matter of comprehension, developing this distinctive dynamic attitude in both figurative and abstract contexts. In these paintings, which preserve their internal connections, one can speak of a formal excess and collective bending that challenges traditional representation, prioritizes conceptual language, and violates the ordinary thresholds of perception.

painting cast into a dark and cold aura

In Gerhard Richter’s work, these paintings -emerging from anonymous and/or ordinary photographic frames in blurred indeterminacy, with paint scraped away from their surfaces- are in a sense the products of a transmission that provokes feelings. This is certainly a fundamental touch that disrupts both the act of seeing and reality. It can be said that fragmented and seemingly sliced internal impulses align here, structuring themselves within a flexible or expanded flow. The magnificent interpretation of an immediate image like a toilet paper roll in a blurred atmosphere exemplifies this particular condition. What matters here is not the causality of this object or how it became the subject of the painting. All other images can seemingly be incorporated into this gaze and mediate Richter’s act of seeing. This distinctive formulation, extending from landscape to still life and from portraiture to historical imagery across the entire external world, creates new ruptures in this perceptual game by becoming a sequence of reality. Therefore, Richter’s gaze at images emanating from the unconscious appears to possess unlimited momentum of mobility. The depiction of ordinary objects like toilet paper rolls creates a line of resistance that liberates a dynamic spirit of formulation. Indeed, the more ordinary the image, the more explicit the reality of this enigmatic transformation becomes.

NOTES

Gerhard Richter, Klorolle/Toilet Paper, 1965, Oil on canvas, 55 cm x 40 cm. Catalogue Raisonné: 75-1. This artwork is based on an image included in Atlas. https://www.gerhard-richter.com/en/art/paintings/photo-paintings/household-icons-39/toilet-paper-5560

2 These three paintings by Gerhard Richter, entitled Death, were inspired by photographs of Ulrike Meinhof, a founding member of the Red Army Fraction who committed suicide on 9 May 1976 in Stuttgart-Stammheim prison. The images were published in stern magazine on 16 June 1976 and show close-ups of the head and upper body of a reclining woman with her eyes and mouth partially open. Her dark hair is almost indistinguishable against the dark background, while her bright clothes and pale skin stand out distinctly on her face. Her slightly tense neck reveals a deep, dark line left by the noose. 

3   Gerhard Richter, Betty, 1988, Oil on canvas, 102 cm x 72 cm. Catalogue Raisonné: 663-5, Saint Louis Art Museum Collection, Saint Louis, USA.

Gerhard Richter, Betty, 1988, Oil on canvas, 102 cm x 72 cm. Catalogue Raisonné: 663-5, Saint Louis Art Museum Collection, Saint Louis, USA.

ambiguous images where reality is displaced

Gerhard Richter’s 1988 Dead series, consisting of three paintings, is similarly the product of an ambiguous image aesthetic and this time examines death. Moreover, it attempts to present death by incorporating it into an unlimited algorithm of reality. The things that render the image of death uncanny confront us with a great void, silence, and heap of implications related to the indeterminacy of facial features, for instance. There is a concretization here that makes death felt more realistically and effectively. As if a cold layer of feeling that codes death and increasingly solidifies the threshold of perception has been activated. Consequently, as the signs belonging to death vanish, the representation becomes abstract and complex, carrying an emotional weight. The Dead paintings, cast into a cold aura, are therefore shaped by a new perceptual proposition that abstracts into faint particles with no return within motionless vibrations. And as clearly visible, these ambiguous and damaged images where reality is displaced accelerate the rhythm of vision, bringing the painting somewhat closer to a darker and more abstract plane.

In Betty, one of Richter’s extraordinary color paintings from photographic sources also dated 1988, a different and purer emotional transmission is witnessed. Subjectivized feelings envelop the familiar figure in all its dimensions, capturing it from the back and through the hair. In this frame, Richter focuses on the depiction of intimacy, pursuing an elegant emotionality that captures all the nuances of feminine being. With a spontaneous flow, he is in emotional fusion with the portrait. Representation, in this state, transcends its existing realism, going beyond a privileged visual phenomenon where formal relationships continuously acquire new dimensions. This is a transformation regarding the pictorial, legitimized only by authentic reality. Already, the transcendence in Richter is concealed in this image transformation as a stimulus of reality.

Gerhard Richter is essentially and continuously revealing new visual scenarios that intersect in the distance between the desire for production and the power and sequence of images, or that seep from the personal and political. In this imaginary realm, which initially moves by attaching itself to an internal message, it is possible to see implicit meanings that become ordinary over time, and sometimes the consequences destroyed by intensifications experienced at the threshold or by an intuitive thinking practice. This approach is entirely based on the strong micro-political connections that Richter establishes between life and reality.

Gülay Yaşayanlar Copyright © Kasım 2025, All Rights Reserved

gül duo

prof. gülay yaşayanlar  Art writer and curator. He has numerous publications on current issues, theoretical debates and prominent artist attitudes in the field of plastic arts. He lives and works in Izmir and London.

ON THE GERHARD RICHTER’S ART

Gerhard Richter
gerhard richter (main page)
Gerhard Richter
MS / gerhard richter: a blurred visual of disappearance
GY / gerhard richter: birkenau paintings / psychological excavation areas
Gerhard Richter Birkenau
GY / gerhard richter: a psychological experience constructing its own reality
MS / gerhard richter: abstraction as an experience of liberation
Gerhard Richter
MS /gerhard richter: in pursuit of the pictorial

 PARIS EXHIBITIONS / 2025 – 2026

fondatıon louıs vuıtton / parıs

Gerhard Richter, Retrospective, Curators: Dieter Schwarz and Nicholas Serota, October 17, 2025–March 2, 2026, Fondation Louis Vuitton, Paris, France,

DAVID ZWIRNER / PARIS

Gerhard Richter, Solo Exhibition, October 20, December 20 2025, David Zwirner, 108, rue Vieille du Temple, 73003 Paris, France.

EXHIBITION CATALOGUE

Gerhard Richter, Contributors: Dieter Schwarz, Designer: Silke Fahnert and Uwe Koch, Publisher: David Zwirner Books, Printer: Triofolio-Verona, 192 pages, English, New York 2023.  

Gerhard Richter Main page DZ Catalog Cover
Gerhard Ricther Main page LV Catalogue

EXHIBITION CATALOGUE

Gerhard Richter, Authors: Nicholas Serota and Dieter Schwarz, Contributors: Michael Lüthy, Georges Didi-Huberman, Guy Tosatto, Dietmar Elger, Publisher: Fondation Louis Vuitton, Citadelles&Mazened, English, 416 pages, Papperback with flab, October 2025, Paris. 

PAINTING SERIES AND PROJECTS

DRAWINGS

Gerhard Richter Main Page Drawings
Gerhard Richter
10.7.2024, 2024Mixed media on paper, 21 x 29,7 cm, 
Private collection. Photo: Georgios Michaloudis, farbanalyse, Köln.
© Gerhard Richter (18102025)

Richter stopped painting on canvas in 2017. After this date, he focused on drawing. These works, drawn and painted on A4 paper, consist of independent experiments produced with coloured ink and pencil. They resemble diaries kept in drawings. They directly reflect the artist’s intellectual and emotional intensity in a fluid manner. In addition to rulers, compasses and other tools, he uses erasers and scrapers, just as he does in his paintings. He also employs frottage techniques and solvent chemicals to create stains. This experimental approach, which increasingly evokes the visuality of maps, filled with vibrating contours, erasures and stains, reflects a strange spontaneity in exploring the visual possibilities of drawing as a medium. It seems to be stuck in the flow between perception and reflection, chasing imagination, continuing to find things that are not there or missing what is right in front of us.

STRIP-TOWER

Gerhard Richter, 
Strip-Tower,  
25 April 2024 – 9 February 2025, Serpentine South Gallery, 
Kensington Gardens, London. Image: Strip-Tower (2023) by Gerhard Richter © 2024, Gerhard Richter, Prudence Cuming Associates.

Strip-Tower (2023) is a project that expands on Richter’s sixty years of research in the fields of painting, photography, digital reproduction, and abstraction. The artist, who began developing the Strip Paintings series in 2010, transformed his photographed and scanned work Abstract Painting 724-4 into horizontal and vertical strips by dividing it into two strips in a digital environment, then four, eight, sixteen, and thirty-two strips. The vertical strips of the painting were stretched horizontally, laminated onto aluminium, and covered with plexiglass. The colourful striped ceramic tiles that form Strip-Tower are a dense composition covering intersecting vertical panels. This work is essentially based on Richter’s ongoing interest in reflections, systems, and repetitions. It has become a symbolic monument to the artist’s approach of self-examination through painting, photography, digital reproduction, and abstraction, which has occupied his practice for over sixty years. [https://www.serpentinegalleries.org/whats-on/gerhard-richter-strip-tower/]

CAGE PAINTINGS

gerhard richter main page cage paintings
Gerhard Richter
Cage 6, 2006, Oil on canvas, 300×300 cm. 897-6, Tate Collection, London UK. Exhibiton: Gerhard Richter: Cage Paintings
19 April – 26 June 2021, Gagosian Gallery, New York, USA

A series of paintings designed by Gerhard Richter in 2006 is named after the American experimental composer John Cage. The Cage paintings are the result of gradual and layered painting and erasure processes. Their surfaces consist of erased and scratched marks, brushstrokes, and painted areas that can appear delicate and fluid as well as coarse and rigid. Interested in John Cage’s ideas about ambient sound and silence, Richter took a radical approach in this series, refusing to use his hands and instead employing his famous eraser. Richter also created a six-part series of prints in 2020 that continues the influence of this series. Both in their painted and printed forms, the Cage paintings are an important series that brings together a painterly process that questions the emotional impact of colours and transforms into improvisation through dynamic body movements.

ATLAS

Atlas
Gerhard Richter, 
Atlas / Sheet 8, 1962-1966, Newspaper photos, 
51.7 cm x 66.7 cm. Städtische Galerie im Lenbachhaus und Kunstbau, Munich, Germany. © Gerhard Richter
 

STRIP PAINTINGS

Richters “9214 STRIP” . Hundreds of bands and striations in innumerable intense colors allow your gaze no rest. Richter’s “921-4 STRIP” (2011). Hundreds of bands and striations in innumerable, intense colors allow your gaze no rest.Art Courtesy Marian Goodman Gallery
Gerhard Richter
921-4 Strip, 2011,
Oil on canvas. Photo: Marian Goodman Gallery

Richter’s Strip paintings are an original and conceptual series that emerged in the later stages of his career. They are quite different from his abstract works. They consist of his abstract paintings being transformed into thin coloured strips based on digital photographs of them. The Strip series is a process of further abstracting an already abstract painting. Here, Richter focuses on the transformation of the image and the issue of data loss or gain. This new painting practice, which means the complete disappearance of the artist’s hand, produces visually stimulating structures consisting of coloured vertical or horizontal lines. On the other hand, this series of paintings, which began in 2011, is considered one of the most radical expressions of Richter’s thoughts on the process of making art. It involves a deep questioning of fundamental issues such as what a painting is, the role of the artist, and image production in the digital age.

4900 COLOURS

Gerhard Richter
4900 Colors,
Exhibition View, 12 March – 17 July 2021, Espace Espace Louis Vuitton, Séoul / Korea © Courtesy of the artist and Fondation Louis Vuitton
 

4900 Colours consists of bright monochrome squares randomly arranged in a grid pattern to create dazzling kaleidoscopic layers of colour. The 196-square panel, comprising 25 coloured squares, is designed to be configured in various variations, from a single large-scale piece to numerous smaller images. Richter developed a special version consisting of 49 paintings for the Serpentine Gallery in 2008. 4900 Colours was partly inspired by Richter’s design for the south transept window of Cologne Cathedral, which replaced stained glass windows destroyed during the Second World War. The 4900 Colours concept played an important role in its development. The development of 4900 Colours was also influenced by Richter’s first series in 1966, grid paintings created by copying industrial colour charts produced by paint manufacturers on a large scale. As in his photographic paintings, his use of found material as a source eliminated the artist’s subjective compositional preferences; however, the Colour Chart Paintings took this a step further by eliminating the hierarchy between subject and representational purpose and focusing on colour to create an egalitarian artistic language.

Gerhard Richter
11 Panels, 886-5, 2004, Glass and wood, Object each: 2780 x 2120 x 8 cm. Tate and National Galleries Scotland Collection. © Gerhard Richter 

GLASS AND MIRROR PANELS

Gerhard Richter has produced glass and mirrored works that contain genuine reflections on the nature of pictorial representation. The artist seeks to explore the possibilities of these materials in order to reproduce visual reality or to continue experimenting with colours, textures, techniques and gestures. He produced his first glass works in 1967, thereby opening up a new field of work and thought related to debates on representation and perception. For example, the sculpture 11 Panels (2004) utilises the material’s ability to be viewed from within as well as its reflective properties. The transparency of each glass panel, leaning against the wall at different angles, multiplies the reflections into distorted shapes, which constantly change as the viewer approaches and moves away from the work. The blurring effect is reminiscent of that seen in Richter’s figurative paintings.

REPRESENTED BY

David Zwirner Paris
108, Rue Vieille du Temple
75003 Paris
France

David Zwirner is a prominent art gallery renowned for hosting innovative, original and pioneering exhibitions. Having helped numerous artists develop their careers, David Zwirner opened his first gallery in New York’s SoHo district in 1993. In the early 2000s, it relocated from SoHo to Chelsea. In 2012, it opened its gallery in London’s Mayfair district, followed shortly thereafter by galleries in Hong Kong, Paris, and, two years ago, Los Angeles, which boasts extensive exhibition spaces and facilities. David Zwirner also contributes to the art world through an online gallery programme, a podcast called Dialogies, and content production under the name Utopia Edition. He also continues to publish catalogues and books under the name David Zwirner Books. In 2021, he established a comprehensive company called Platform where artworks can be purchased.

Fondation Louis Vuitton
8, Avenue du Mahatma Gandi
Bois de Boulagne, 75116 Paris
France

The Fondation Louis Vuitton, housed in a building designed by Frank Gehry and considered one of the most iconic works of 21st-century architecture, has been open since 24 October 2014 and is dedicated to showcasing creative and innovative projects. It prioritises major exhibitions that evaluate contemporary art developments from a historical perspective. In addition to productions such as ‘Keys to Passion’, ‘Icons of Modern Art, the Shchukin Collection’, “Courtauld Collection: A Vision for Impressionism‘, ’Icons of Modern Art, The Morozov Collection‘, as well as exhibitions dedicated to important artists such as ’Inventing a New World: Charlotte Perriand‘ and ’Simon Hantaï – Centenary Exhibition”. The foundation is currently hosting a retrospective of the renowned German artist Gerhart Richter.

GERHARD RICHTER

Gerhard Richter (b. 1932) was born in Dresden, Germany. He spent his childhood and youth in Waltersdorf. Between 1951 and 1956, he studied art at the Dresden Hochschule für Bildende Künste. In 1959, he visited Documenta II in Kassel, West Germany, and this experience inspired him to change his artistic direction. He left East Germany in 1961. He resumed his studies at the Staatliche Kunstakademie in Düsseldorf. In 1972, he was selected to represent Germany alone at the Venice Biennale. The artist, who has held solo exhibitions at many renowned galleries and museums, has produced a wide variety of works that appear extremely complex within a stylistic transition derived from the relationship between photography and painting. The artist, who takes a deep look at the issue of representation and the material reality of art, lives and works in Cologne. (Photo: Timothy Greenfield Sanders)

GUIDE 2025 – 2026 PUBLISHED

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